Bahasa inggris 2 Tenses

TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS

TENSES

PROGRESSIVE CONTINUOUS TENSE, PERFECT TENSE, FUTURE TENSE

 NAMA           : APRILIA YUNITA

 KELAS          : 1EA26

 NPM               : 10215921

 DOSEN          : NONI MARLIANINGSIH

 1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

This tenses are used to denote something that is fixed, habitual or an essential truth. Because it is often related to the incident at about past, present and future, this at least has the Tenses description for a certain time.

Time Signal :

Always            Regularly                     Every day

Generally         Sometimes                   Every other day

Normally         Seldom                        Every sunday

Usually            Steadily                       Every week

Often               Nowadays                   Now and then

Never              Frequently                   Once a week

Subject ( I, You, We, They )

(+) Subject + V-1 + object

Ex : I study English every monday

(–) Subject + do not + V-1 + object

Ex : I don’t study English every monday

(?) Do + Subject + V-1 + object

Ex : Do you study English every Monday?

Subject ( He, She, It )

(+) Subject + V-1s/es + object

Ex : My father reads the magazine every morning

(–) Subject + does not + V-1 + object

Ex : My father does not read the magazine every morning

(?) Does + Subject + V-1 + object

Ex : Does your father read the magazine every morning?

I, You, They, We use do when it come to negative and question sentence. While He, She, It use does.

Question

1. She _____ her dog everyday
a. To feed
b. Feed
c. Feeds
2. I ____ always ____ to the dentist
a. Do not, go
b. Does not, go
c. Do not, went
3. When __ you ____ a shower?
a. Do, took
b. Do, take
c. Do, taken
5. I ___ breakfast every day at 7 AM
a. Eat
b. To eat
c. Ate

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

This tenses are used to express an action which is actually being done at this time.

Time Signal:

Now                Right now

At present       At this moment

Today              This morning

Tonight            This weekend

Tomorrow       Next week

Soon                In a few weeks

 (+) S + is/am/are + Verb-ing + O

ex: They are riding the bicycle

(-) S + is/am/are + not + Verb-ing + O

ex: They are not riding the bicycle

(?) Is/am/are + S + Verb-ing + O

ex: Are they riding the bicycle?

IS use a subject = She, He, It

AM use a subject = I

ARE use a subject = They, We, You

Question

1. They ….. Grammar in EnglishShop right now

a.      Are studying

b.      Are study

c.       Is studying

2. ….. are buying many books at the moment

1. The Teacher
2. The Student
3. The old Women

3. ….. you …..My dictionaries right now?

1. Are = bring
2. Is = bringing
3. Are = bringing

4. Budi and I ….. working in Big Company

1. Am
2. Are
3. Is

5. The Police …. Under the tree

1. Is lying
2. Are laying
3. Are lying

3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

This tenses are used to express your experience. This sentence can used to say that you have never had a certain experience. Present Perfect Tense didn’t use to describe specific event.

Time Signal:

Once                            Twice                          Three times

Many times                 Several times               This week

Already                       Just                              Not yet

As yet                          So far                          Up to the present time

Lately                          At last                         Finally

Since yesterday           Since 1997                  For an hour

For two years              Never                          Ever

 (+) S + Has/Have + Past Participle (V3) + object

ex: She has seen that picture at the cinema

(-) S + Has/Have + not + past participle (V3) + object

ex: She has not seen that picture at the cinema

(?) Has/Have + S + past participle (V3) + object

ex: Has she seen that picture at the cinema?

HAS use a subject = She, He, It

HAVE use a subject = They, We, I, You

Question

1. People who have very little technical background have _____to understand computer language.

1. Learn
2. Learned
3. learns

2. I have ______ this medicine since 2008.

1. Take
2. Took
3. taken

3. Have you _____ your Dad a letter?

1. Wrote
2. Written
3. write

4. Many books _________________, but one of the best is How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie.

1. have written about success
2. written about success
3. have been written about success

5. Benji has _________ to the student government.

1. Selected
2. been selected
3. been selecting

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. ”for two hours’, ‘for two weeks’, ‘since yesterday’ are all durations which can be used with this sentence. Without the durations, the tense has a more general meaning of “lately.” We often use the words “lately” or “recently” to emphasize this meaning.

Time Signal :

For                               How long

Since                           The whole day

Long                            All (the) morning

Since eight o’clock      For over three years   

(+) S + have/has + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: We have been practicing our English since Monday.

(-) S + have/has + not + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: We have not been practicing our English

(?) have/has + S + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: Have they been practicing their English?

Question

1. They … anything for the past hour

1. Haven’t been doing
2. Hasn’t been doing

2. it … hard

a.       have just been raining

b.      has just been raining

3. She …. With the research team since January

1. has been working
2. have been working

4. I’m sleepy because I … all night

1. have been staying up
2. has been staying up

5.  … here for over two hours?

1. has she been waiting
2. does she has been waiting

5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

We used this tense to talk about the past.

Time signal :

Yesterday                                Yesterday morning

Last night                                Last week

An hour ago                            A few minutes ago

In 1997                                    The day before yesterday

The other day                          When I was a boy

(+) S + Verb2 + O

ex: She studied math last night

(-) S + did + not + Verb1 + O

ex: She did not study math last night

(?) did + S + verb1 + O

ex: Did She study math last night?

Question

1. She … a book last night

a.        Buys

b.       Buyed

c.        Bought

2. Dina … her report

a.       Didn’t finished

b.      Did not finished

c.       Did not finish

3. He … a diligent student

a.       Wasn’t

b.      Weren’t

c.       Isn’t

4. Did you … me a message?

a.       Sent

b.      Send

c.       Sended

5. They an architect?

a.      Were

b.      Was

c.       Are

6. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

This tense is used to say when we were in the middle of doing at a particular moment in the past.

Time signal :

When the telephone rang                    All day yesterday

…When…                                           …As…

…While…                                           The whole day yesterday

(+) S + was/were + Verb-ing + O

ex: He was reading last sunday

(-) S + was/were + not + Verb-ing + O

ex: He wasn’t reading last sunday

(?) Was/were + S + Verb-ing + O

ex: Was He reading last sunday?

Question

1. I ….. book when father read a magazine

a.      Was writing

b.      Was wrote

c.       Were writing

2. …. She listening music?

a.      Was

b.      Were

c.       Is

3. He …. Mechine

a.      Was repaired

b.      Were repairing

c.       Is repair

4. Dina was …. English

a.       Study

b.      Studied

c.       Studying

5. We ….. vegetable

a.       Was buy

b.      Were bought

c.       Were buy

7. PAST PERFECT TENSE

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

Time signal :

Before

After

As soon as

Until

(+) Subject + had + verb III + (past participle) + object
Ex : They had been here before 1945
(-) Subject + had + not + verb III + object
Ex : They had not been here before 1945
(?) Had + subject + verb III + object?                                                                        Ex: Had they been here before 1945 ?

Question

1. He had  … when I slept last night

a.       Go

b.      Gone

c.       Going

2. She …. Vegetable yesterday

a.      Had cut

b.      Has cutting

c.       Was cut

3. Mother … cooked chicken

a.       Has

b.      Had

c.       Is

4. Sinta … shop

a.       Had close

b.      Has close

c.       Had closed

5. I had … report

a.      Compiled

b.      Compiling

c.       Compile

8. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. “For five minutes” and “for two weeks” are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous however, the duration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the past.

Time signal : When                 For                   Since

(+) S + had + been + V-Ing + O

Ex : Lina had been walking

(-) S + Had + not + been + V-Ing + O

Ex : Lina had not been walking

(?) Had + S + been + V-Ing + O

Ex : Had Lina been walking?

Question

1. She had been ….

a.       Cry

b.      Crying

c.       Cried

2. She … dancing

a.      Had followed

b.      Has followed

c.       Was follow

3. I had been …

a.       Chat

b.      Chatted

c.       Chatting

4. The police had been … robber

a.      Captured

b.      Capture

c.       Capturing

5. Mother ….  a doll

a.      Had been carried

b.      Has been carry

c.       Had been carry

9. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

often called will. because, the modal auxiliary verb in this sentence is will.

Time signal:

If                     When

While               Before

After               As soon as

Until

(+) Subject +  Will/shall + V-1 + Object

Ex : He will be in Tokyo tommorow

 ( – ) Subject + Will/shall + not + V-1 + object

Ex : He will not be in Tokyo tommorow

( ? ) Will/shall + Subject + V-1 + object

Ex : Will he be in Tokyo tomorrow?

Use “Going to”:

(+) S + be (am/is/are ) + going to + V-1

Ex : He is going to be a prosecutor

( – ) S + be (am/is/are) not  + going to + V-1

Ex : He is not going to be a prosecutor

( ? ) be ( am/is/are ) + S + going to + V-1

Ex : Is he going to be a prosecutor?

Question

1.                             They ….  give me money

a.      Will

b.      Shall

c.       Are

2.                             I shall …. A book

a.      Buy

b.      Buying

c.       Bought

3.                              The train will … at the station

a.       Arrived

b.      Arrive

c.       Arriving

4.                             she will … TV

a.      Watch

b.      Watching

c.       Watched

5.                              Diana will … a radio

a.       Listened

b.      Listen

c.       Listening

10. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Continuous has two different forms: “will be doing ” and “be going to be doing”. Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.

Time signal :

1. At this time tomorrow
2. At the same time tomorrow
3. At this time next year

 (+) S + will/shall + be + Verb-ing + O

ex: I will be watching TV at eight to night

(-) S + will/shall + not +  be + Verb-ing + O

ex: I will not be watching TV at eight to night

(?) will/shall + S + be + Verb-ing + O

ex: Will you be watching TV at eight to night?

Question

1. April will be …. Math

a.       Study

b.      Studied

c.       Studying

2. we … be matching volley ball next week

a.       are

b.      will

c.       have

3.  They will be … TV

a.      Watching

b.      Watched

c.       Watch

4. Mother ….a salt

a.      Will be sowing

b.      Shall be sowed

c.       Will be sow

5. They will be … a football

a.      Playing

b.      Play

c.       Played

11. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

This sentence is used when we talk about the past in the future.

Time Signal :

1. By the end of this week
2. By next week

(+) S + Will/shall + have + Verb3 + O

ex: I will have finished by 6 PM

(-) S + will/shall + not + have + Verb3 + O

ex: I will not have finished by 6 PM

(?)  Will/shall + S + have + Verb3 + O

ex: will you have finished by 6 PM?

Question

1. He shall have …. A door

a.       Push

b.      Pushed

c.       Pushing

2. Father … have read a newspaper

a.      Will

b.      Is

c.       Has

3. Sandi will have be … a book

a.       Buy

b.      Buying

c.       Bought

4. Father will have … a car

a.       Drive

b.      Drove

c.       Driven

5. Mita … have lent a eraser

a.      Will not

b.      Is not

c.       Has not

12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

We use the future perfect continuous tense to talk about a long action before some point in the future.

Time Signal :

1. By the end of…
2. By the end of this year

(+) S + Will/shall + have + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: Andra will have been drawing the sketch

(-) S + will/shall + not + have + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: Andra Won’t have been drawing the sketch

(?) Will/shall + S + have + been + Verb-ing + O

ex: Will Andra have been drawing the sketch?

Question

1. We shall have been … a letter

a.       Write

b.      Wrote

c.       Writing

2. Dita shall have been … English

a.      Teaching

b.      Teach

c.       Taught

3. Mother will … cooking chicken

a.       Has been

b.      Have been

c.       Is been

4. I will have been …. Him

a.       Look

b.      Looking

c.       Looked

5. We will have been …. Volley ball

a.       Play

b.      Played

c.       Playing

13. PAST FUTURE TENSES

this tense is used to express the events that WILL be done, BUT in the past, not the present.

Time Signal:

1. If
2. Yesterday
3. The day before
4. The week before

(+) S + would/should + Verb1 + object

ex: I would be if  tomorrow was not rainy.

(-) S + Would/Should + not + Verb1 + object

ex: I would not be if tomorrow was not rainy

(?) Would/Should + S + Verb1 + object?

ex: Would you be if tomorrow was not rainy?

Question

1. She would visit me ....

a.      Yesterday

b.      Tomorrow

2. I should …. Movie last night

a.      Go

b.      Went

3. They … sell their product the 2 weeks before

a.      Would

b.      Will

4. We ….. the book the weak before

a.       Would launched

b.      Would launch

5. He would …. The incident the week before

a.       Explained

b.      Explain

14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Continuous tells an action would be in progress in the past.

Time signal:

1. In January last year
2. At nine o’clock yesterday
3. At this morning
4. Last year
5. This noon

 (+) S + should/would + Be  + Verb-ing + O

ex: She would be visiting me at this morning

(-) S + should/would + not + Be  + Verb-ing + O

ex: She wouldn’t be visiting me at this morning

(?) Should/would + S + Be + Verb-ing + O

ex: Would she be visiting me at this morning?

WAS use : I, She, He, It

WERE use : They, We, You

Question

1. We would be …. At six o’clock yesterday morning

a.      Playing

b.      Played

2. I should be watching TV …

a.       Tomorrow

b.      Last night

3. She …. Singing a song last night

a.      Would be

b.      Should been

4. She …. The novel last Sunday

a.      Would be reading

b.      Would be read

5. I would be … music last morning

a.       Listened

b.      Listening

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

This tense is restates the action stated in Future Perfect Tense but with different time dimension, it is in past time whilst the Future Perfect is in future time (not happen yet).

Time signal :

1. If
2. Last years
3. Yesterday

(+) S + would/should + have + Verb3

ex: I would have drunk the milk last night

(-) S + would/should + not + have + Verb3

ex: I wouldn’t have drunk the milk last night

(?) Would/should + S + have + Verb3

ex: Would you have drunk the milk last night?

Question

1. She …. Visited me yesterday

a.       Would have

b.      Would has

2. He … graduated if he had studied hard

a.       Would not have been

b.      Would not have

3. We…. Launched the book last month

a.      Would have

b.      Would has

4. They would …. Sold their product last week

a.      Have

b.      Has

5. I would have signed the contract …

a.      Last week

b.      Now

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense emphasizes on the course and the duration of the action. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to tell an action which would have been happening until a certain time (period) in the past

Time Signal :

1. If
2. For a week
3. Last years
4. Yesterday

(+) S + would/should + have + been + verb-ing + object

ex: Chis would have been working for 6 years when he get fired

(-) S+ would/should + not + have + been + verb-ing + object

ex: Chris wouldn’t have been working for 6 years when he get fired

(?) Would/should + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?

ex: Would Chris have been working for 6 years when he get fired?

Question

1. We ..... Teaching English for three years

a.      Should have been

b.      Would has been

2. They … living in jakarta for two years

a.       Should has been

b.      Would have been

3. She …. Selling her car for 2 days last week

a.      Would have been

b.      Would has been

4. I should have been studying …

a.       Yesterday

b.      For three hours

5. My father ….  Working my grand father company for 5 years

a.      Would have been

b.      Should has been

REFERENCE

https://afaafahhb.wordpress.com/2013/04/02/16-tenses-in-english-2/  Date 17 March 2016,  18.25

http://www.sekolahbahasainggris.com/penjelasan-16-tenses-bahasa-inggris-beserta-contoh-kalimat-terlengkap/  Date 17 March 2016, 19.43

http://kanjengguru.blog.com/materi-grammar/time-signal-for-tenses/ Date 18 March 2016, 15.40

http://www.belajaringgris.net/past-perfect-tense-805.html  Date March 20, 201609.26

http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-rumus-past-future-tense-fungsi-dan-contoh-kalimat/ Date March 20, 2016. 09.23

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-past-perfect-continuous-tense Date March 23, 2016. 20.50