natural disaster (flood)

TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS

NATURAL DISASTER

FLOOD

 NAMA           : APRILIA YUNITA

 KELAS          : 1EA26

 NPM               : 10215921

 DOSEN          : NONI MARLIANINGSIH

FLOOD

The natural disaster is a disaster caused by the event or series of events caused by nature, among others in the form of earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, droughts, hurricanes, and landslides. Flood event has occurred if water were land that is usually dry.

Natural disasters of meteorological

Meteorological or hydrometeorological natural disasters are related to climate. Disaster usually does not occur in a specific place, although there are areas that suffer from seasonal floods, droughts and tropical storms (cyclones, typhoons) known to occur in certain areas. Natural disasters are of meteorological such as floods and droughts are natural disasters that occur most commonly around the world. Some of them just happened a region with a particular climate. For example hurricanes occur only in the Caribbean, Central America and northern South America The biggest concern in the modern age is be.

Indonesia is a tropical country with a high intensity of rain. That is why when the rainy season arrives, several water reservoirs such as dams and rivers will experience increased water discharge and overloading. If that happens, the water will overflow so there was flooding.

Not only in Indonesia, flooding became a problem many countries such as China and India. Similarities between the countries has been mostly due to flood large population, lack of public awareness in terms of waste disposal and poor drainage system. Some steps have been taken to minimize the effects of the local government's disaster such as increased public awareness to dispose of waste in place, dredging rivers, estuaries or the making of an artificial lake, curbing settlement residents in flood-prone areas, to jointly clean the drains in the local environment. However, it takes the cooperation of both parties both society and government to address the problem that has lasted this long time.

The flood is the event its land by water caused by the frequent water. flood event has occurred if water were land that is usually dry. floods in General caused by river water that overflowed into the surrounding environment as a result of high rainfall. bajinr power capable of damaging the House and sweep the keystone. flood waters also bring the mud smell that can shut things down after the water receded. flooding is becoming routine thing every year.

The Process Of Occurrence Of Floods
process floods floods that naturally declines as rain fell kepermukaan the Earth and stuck by the plants after it entered to the edge of the land flows where a lower evaporation and after it happened out the kepermukaan land. The flooding that occurred in almiah can become human when bancana flood of people and cause harm to humans.
While the process of occurrence of floods are natural because of rampant non humans such as throw away trash, out of place and cause no water flow smoothly so that the floating water in place of exaltation and the longer the more evaporated once it was high and out so as to land and causing a flood

Kinds of flood :There are different sets forth a flood resulting from a variety of things, among others the following ...

1. Flood Water is flooding are common. The cause of the flood water is overflowing in rivers, lakes, or diselokan so the water will rise come ashore. In general, water flooding resulting from persistent rain that made rivers, lakes or sewers can not hold water.
2. Floods, was the flooding that transports water and mud. Flash floods are very berbahay for not saving themselves. Flash floods can menghayutkan anything, because it is very high destruction power. Flooding usually occurs in the mountainous area of mountainous land as landslides due to rain water be carried water to the lower mainland. Generally flood menghayutkan trees or large-sized rocks that could damage the residents, are in the surrounding mountains.
3. Flood slime, is a flood-like flood but mud out of the earth and commemorate the mainland. The sludge also contains ingredients and harmful chemical gases.
4. Flood Rob (Sea tides), is caused by the flood tide. Floods usually hit the city ROP new estuary in Jakarta. Seawater tide will generally hold back the river water that has accumulated, finally able to break through levees and inundate the land.
5. Flood Cileunang, flood miri is flooded with water but cileunang flooding resulting from torrential rain with water discharge very much. Cileunang very fast flooding due to torrential rain that in a short time, the flood cileunang would suddenly occur.
6. Flood Lava, A flood of lava is the kind of flooding caused by the lava of the volcano still active when erupts or erupted. It is this later eruption process of the mountain will issue a cold lava will spread to the surrounding environment. The water in the River will experience was so will also join the overflow to soak the Mainland.

Occurrence Causes Flooding
Why of Flood - Flooding can occur due to several factors, among others, the following ...
1. Blockage of the watershed or schools often throw garbage in the river.
The community considers his behavior because if the waste is burned, it will cause air pollution and odor. So that people take shortcuts without thinking about cause and effect. Penyumbayatan that occur due to sedimentation or precipitation downstream area can reduce the ability of the river to collect water.

2. High rainfall
Relatively high rainfall may cause rivers can not accommodate the volume of water that may be beyond the capacity.

3. Establishment of houses along the river
People who set up home on the riverbank usually reducing the width of the river. With the reduction of the width of the river can cause water circulation is not optimal.

4. Deforestation
Human attitude brief thinking without thinking before acting future, cause man to act arbitrarily on the environment. The action in the form of logging that is not using selective logging system. As a result there are no trees to absorb water so that the water flowing uncontrollably.

5. At least absorptive area
In modern times, the catchment areas tend to be found. Particularly in urban areas are basically very vulnerable to flooding, given the condition of the city that are in the lowlands. Just a lot of absorptive area covered by asphalt or the concrete so that water can not seep into the soil.

There are some flood impact specifics

1. The primary impact

Physical damage-was able to damage the various types of structures, including bridges, cars, buildings, sewer systems, roads, and canals

2. The impact of secondary
   water supply – water Contamination. Clean drinking water starts
   rare. Diseases-unhygienic Conditions. The spread of the disease is congenital
   of water. Agriculture and food-scarcity of produce is caused by crop failures. However, the lowlands near the River depends on the sediment of the river due to flooding for the sake of adding mineral soil
   The trees a species that is not willing to die for not being able to breathe.
   Transportation-public transportation is destroyed, difficult sending emergency aid to people in need.

How to Tackle Flood - To cope with flooding, the required countermeasures are as follows ...
1. Optimization of the river or ditch
Rivers or drains should be maintained and used properly. River or ditch not to be used to dispose of waste or landfill. Cleanliness and swift currents should be monitored every rather than observing floods.
2. Prohibition of making houses along the river
Land on the outskirts of the river should not be used for human settlement because it causes flooding and irregular order of society.
3. Carry out selective logging and reforestation program
A felled tree should be replaced. Cutting down trees that have woody shoots back later in planting new trees. It is intended to regenerate the forest with forest destination not become bald.
4. Using a simple flood detector
In order to determine the flood needed a tool that detects flood simple that people can find out how the manufacturer.

When about to give assistance to the victims of the flood, here are a few things that generally required by them:
1. Clean water. Human beings able to survive longer without food but not with water. Consume water flooding will result in diarrhea though already cooked. Save on clean water in this state
2. Buoy tool, to help citizens as a means of transport passing through the flood of
3. Lighting tools such as an emergency light or flashlight
4. Medicinal drugs such as diarrhea, flu, fever, eucalyptus oil
5. Instant foods such as bread, noodles, shredded, to their food supply

There are a variety of negative effects of human settlements against floods and economic activity. However, floods (especially small/regular floods) can also bring a lot of benefits, such as replenish ground water, fertilize and provide nutrients to the soil. Flood water provides enough water in dry and semi-dry erratic annual precipitation totals throughout the year. Fresh water plays an important role in balancing the ecosystem in the corridor of the river and is a major factor in the balancing of the diversity of creatures live in the flood plains. [14] the flood adding lots of nutrients to lakes and rivers that are increasingly promoting the fishing industry in the years to come, it also because of flood plains to match fish breeding (a bit of predation and lots of nutrients). The fish like the weather fish utilize the flood to swim are looking for new habitats. In addition, the birds also benefit from food production that exploded after the flood subsided.

Regular flooding is common in ancient settlements-settlement along the River Tigris-Euphrates, Nile, Indus, Ganges, and the Yellow River. The continuity of energy sources renewable water is very high in areas prone to flooding.

PREFERENCE

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bencana_alam   10 april 2016, 18.29

http://9wiki.net/bencana-alam-banjir/ 10 april 2016, 18.31

http://www.artikelsiana.com/2015/08/pengertian-banjir-penyebab-dampak-cara.html# 10 april 2016, 18.39